![]() ![]() How Indians use Facebook when they get marriage proposals.Why Facebook is not cool anymore and boring.Do not irritate others by doing these on Facebook.Type the above codes and press enter to show them up and remember that the shortcut codes are case sensitive.Below are few more emoticon charts.Just enter these codes into chat box and press enter.Īlso read the following related articles: ![]() List of Facebook emoticons and their shortcut codes: We build this ascii font website because we needed a simple way to get all ascii memes, text to ascii art at single place. Long press on any simple ascii art to ascii copy paste and share anywhere like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, blogs, Youtube and much more.
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Massage Table Sheet Comfortable Bed Cover Microfiber Cloth Bed Cover Breathable Table SheetĮBTOOLS Disposable Bed Sheet Waterproof Oil-proof Bed Cover for Salon SPA Massage Table Hotels Disposable Massage Table Cover Disposable Bed Sheetįaux Teak Boat Non-Skid Brown Sheet 240 x 45cmĢpcs Cosmetic Face Cover Protector Massage Couch Table Linen Sheet for Standard Always check the expiration date before giving Capstar to your pet.Casper Hyperlite Sheet Set California KingĬasper Hyperlite Sheet Set Multiple Sizes What is the shelf life for Capstar tablets?Ĭapstar tablet expiry is listed on the packaging. A monthly flea infestation preventive is recommended for long-term treatment and prevention of flea infestations. ![]() Can Capstar act as a preventive flea treatment?Ĭapstar can be used daily, as needed, for fast-acting relief from an existing flea infestation. Capstar may also be used with flea shampoos, as well as heartworm preventives, antibiotics, vaccines and de-worming medications. If you are currently administering a monthly flea infestation preventive and your pet still gets fleas, you may administer Capstar treatments daily, as needed, for quick relief against a flea infestation. Can I combine Capstar with another flea treatment? Do not give Capstar for Large Dogs (57.0 mg) to cats, or dogs with less than 25 pounds of body weight. Weigh your pet prior to administration to ensure proper dosing. Capstar tablets should be administered according to the dosing schedule on the label. You may administer Capstar for Small Dogs (11.4 mg) or Capstar for Cats (11.4 mg) to dogs, puppies, cats and kittens 4 weeks of age or older and between 2 and 25 pounds of body weight. Can I use the same product on my dog and cat?Ĭapstar is now available in three packages: Capstar for Large Dogs, Capstar for Small Dogs and Capstar for Cats. Capstar can be given as often as once daily, if needed, to treat a flea infestation as existing flea larvae emerge into adult fleas. Capstar kills adult fleas before they can lay eggs. ![]() How does Capstar work to treat flea infestations?įemale fleas can lay up to 50 eggs a day.1 If left untreated, a flea infestation can take months to eradicate. Its active ingredient, nitenpyram, starts killing fleas in just 30 minutes. What type of parasites does Capstar kill?Ĭapstar kills adult fleas. No, Capstar is available online and at retail outlets without a prescription. Do I need a prescription to purchase Capstar? If you are not sure that your pet swallowed the pill, it is safe to give a second pill. If you hide it in food, watch closely to make sure your pet swallows the pill. Place the pill directly in your pet's mouth or hide it in food. What is the best way to administer Capstar?Ĭapstar is available as an oral flea tablet. If your pet gets re-infested with fleas, you can safely give another dose as often as once a day. How often can I administer Capstar to my pet?Ī single dose of Capstar should kill the adult fleas on your pet. One oral tablet kills over 90% of fleas within 4 hours for dogs and 6 hours for cats. How long does it take for Capstar to begin working?Ĭapstar starts killing fleas within 30 minutes to give your pet quick relief. ![]() Capstar is an oral treatment that is convenient to deliver. We have worked hard to partner with all of the manufactures to deliver 100% authentic products What is Capstar?Ĭapstar (nitenpyram) is a fast-acting flea treatment for dogs and cats that kills adult fleas before they can start an infestation. Chewy takes pride in ensuring that our furry friends’ wellbeing is always our top priority. We source all our products from manufacturer approved distributors or directly from the manufacturers. In Virginia, a TODD allows ownership of your real estate to be transferred to a named beneficiary upon your death, while avoiding probate. Advantages of a Transfer on Death Deed in Virginia Probate Avoidance But a TODD can be a great option for both individuals and joint property owners for whom a trust or other means of probate avoidance may not make sense. There are other ways real estate in Virginia can avoid probate proceedings, including joint tenancy, tenancy by the entirety, or having the property owned by a living trust, or in the right circumstances, simply having a Last Will and Testament suffices in Virginia. And like beneficiary designations for other types of assets, a TODD avoids probate by automatically establishing who should inherit the property when the current owner dies. For many homeowners, this can be an inexpensive estate planning tool.Ī TODD functions like a beneficiary designation for real estate. ![]() What Is A Transfer On Death Deed in Virginia?Ī transfer on death deed is a type of deed that identifies one or more beneficiaries who should inherit real estate at the owner’s death. That said, a TODD can be a simple and very cost-effective way to give real property, such as your house or land, to someone when you die. This is done by using a document called a Virginia transfer on death deed (TODD).Ī TODD can only be used for real property and not personal property, such as cars or jewelry. Official State Codes - Links to the official online statutes (laws) in all 50 states and DC.Virginia law allows a person to transfer their ownership rights to real property located in Virginia to a named beneficiary or beneficiaries without it having to be probated.Note: State laws are constantly changing - contact a Virginia wills attorney or conduct your own legal research to verify the state law(s) you are researching. If will is wholly in handwriting of testator and signed by him, neither acknowledgment nor witnesses are necessary proof of handwriting must be by at least two disinterested witnesses. Valid for soldier in actual military service or mariner or seaman at sea to dispose of personal property. Two or more competent witnesses present at same time who must subscribe will in presence of testator (no form of attestation necessary). Code Sectionġ8 years or older and of sound mind, or emancipated persons See FindLaw's Wills section for more articles and resources. The basics of Virginia's will laws are summarized below. It would be wise to have at least two (2) people witness at least the signature and to have them also sign each page of the will. It does not need to be witnessed however two (2) people have to be able to testify that it is in that person's handwriting. These types of wills are typically used in cases of an emergency where the testator doesn't have time to make a more formal will. Holographic ( handwritten) wills are valid in Virginia, as long as at least two disinterested witnesses prove its authenticity. If the will includes a notarized "Self-Proving Affidavit", the will is presumed to be properly executed and is accepted by the court without testimony from the witnesses. ![]() In Virginia, the signing of a will must generally be witnessed by two competent persons, who also must sign the will in front of the testator.Īlthough the law does not require a will to be notarized, it is a highly recommended practice followed by most lawyers. However, later proof of any fraud, duress, or undue influence on the testator may cause the will to be invalid. Who May Write A Will In Virginia?Īny mentally competent person who is at least eighteen years old may make a will. State laws govern the rules and processes involved in writing and enforcing a will. Writing a will is one of the most important things you can do for your family members and loved ones, since it simplifies the process of parceling out the belongings of the deceased. ![]() ![]() At the end of your comb (bottom piece) there’s a small bevel. It also sounds like your shears might not be adjusted quite right in terms of where the comb and cutters line up. You can use the same cutters (top piece that glides across the comb and does the cutting), and swap out the comb depending upon your needs. I’d recommend purchasing a 20-tooth goat comb with a width designed to fit your shears. These combs make it much easier to go through tough and dirty wool, but tend to not do a great job of giving a smooth finish (you’ll often be able to see the lines from the comb teeth in the sheared wool). Hi Donna, thanks for visiting my site! It sounds like you’re using the standard 13-tooth comb, which has pretty big gaps between the teeth. You May Also Like: Our Guide to Selecting Sheep Shearing Blades for Electric Shears We have updated it in July 2021 to be more accurate, comprehensive, and relevant to our readers. My advice is to invest in a set of quality shears that will last for years with proper maintenance.Įditor’s Note: This article was originally published in August, 2015. Generally if you buy a set of electric sheep shears for $60-70 you’ll find that they have plastic parts in the motor which will cause them to break after a few uses. One final thought I have is that there are a number of cheap knock-offs on some of the electric sheep shears mentioned on this list. In my experience you can’t really go wrong with any of the sheep shearing clippers featured in this list, but I invite you to weigh in and share your experience with any of these electric clippers (or suggest a different brand) by leaving a comment below. If you do raise club lambs, market lambs or Southdowns (or if you are helping your child learn to trim sheep for the show ring), investing in either set of the Lister clippers are an excellent choice. If you aren’t slick-shearing club lambs or Southdown sheep for show I’d suggest investing in one of the Andis or Oster models listed above as these are more versatile, allowing you to shear your brood ewes or to block and trim your sheep for the show ring. Teenager prepares his Southdown ewe for show using a durable set of Lister Electric Clippers to slick-shear it (photo by Terry Gardener) The clipmaster shears are a different product and aren’t something that I recommend for use with sheep. One note – please do not confuse the Showmaster shears with the Clipmaster shears from Oster. I used a pair of showmaster shears for years on my farm preparing both Hampshires and Romney sheep for show, and for general farm use and shearing purposes. These are a great middle-of-the-road choice and are ideal if you primarily use your shears for blocking and trimming sheep for the show ring. I love that these shears include a rugged 15 foot cord (allowing you to often use them without relying on a tangled extension cord). Depending upon your usage you can adjust the speed of the cutters from 700 to 3,000 cutting strokes per minute, allowing you to keep your shears running cooler longer and thus improving the comfort of your sheep. Similar in size, weight and quality to the Shearmaster Clippers mentioned above, the Oster Showmaster Variable-Speed Clippers offer shepherds additional control and precision. ![]()
![]() Review with your children the different types of emergencies that can happen in your area and the warning signs for those emergencies.Create a reunification plan as part of the family communication plan to reunite you with your loved ones as soon as it is safe to do so. If your children are old enough, teach them how to call 911 and memorize important phone numbers. Make a plan to contact family members, especially if you are not together when an emergency strikes.Prepare an emergency kit that includes a 3-day supply of necessities for each person in your family, such as food, medicine, water, games, flashlight, and special toys to help keep your children calm during an emergency.Here are some steps you can take to help keep your family safe and healthy when an emergency happens: Before an EmergencyĪ little preparation now can make a big difference later. Parents ensure that family members are ready and know what to do when emergencies happen. It is important for parents to know what steps they can take before, during, and after an emergency to protect their family. Knowing how to help children cope after an emergency can help them stay healthy in future emergencies.Īn emergency can happen anywhere and at any time. How children react or common signs of distress can vary according to age. Some children react right away, while others may show signs of difficulty much later. Premium members can enjoy over 500 HD audio channels (ad-free), including:īlissfulness awaits - download Calm Radio now to experience relaxation like never before.Regardless of your child’s age, he or she may feel upset or have other strong emotions after an emergency. If you like what you hear and want ad-free listening, simply upgrade to a Premium membership. □TRY OUR CALM APP FOR FREE: Still not convinced? Sign up for a free trial membership today. The world’s largest collection of classical music Over 500 channels of calm sounds and music Nearly six million monthly listening hours Guided Meditations in an array of soothing voices in lengths of five minutes to one hour. ![]() Relax like never before with trance-inducing scenic nature videos, including forests, waterfalls, and seascapes.ģ. Guided Sleep and Sleep Music channels are now available in lengths of 60 minutes to 8 hours!Ģ. □Experiencing ringing in the ears? Audiologists agree that Calm Radio’s Sleep Sounds and Calm Music channels help alleviate Tinnitus and other auditory-related uncomfortableness□ġ. Unlimited listening: relax all day to your favorite calm music - there is no limit! Track-skip: easily allows you to skip between your favorite classical music Three-layered nature sound channels with music: Calming night sounds and sleep music□ Download the Calm Radio app and start harmonizing your Calm day.įavorites list: allows you to easily access your preferred relaxing melodies Our daily stress doesn’t just magically disappear - that’s why we all need a little help creating optimal wellness & mindfulness. Life is stressful and chaotic - balancing our personal and professional lives is never easy. It’s no secret that calming music can reduce stress and enhance daily harmony, that’s why you need Calm Radio - the world’s largest selection of relaxing melodies, including sleep sounds, guided mindfulness meditations, nature-fusion, classical music, and the calming sounds of acoustic music as well as smooth jazz and pop□ĭon’t take it from us, here’s what our listeners have to say about this relaxing classical radio:Įckhart Tolle - described by The New York Times as, “The most popular spiritual author in America” - is one of Calm Radio’s loyal listeners: “I very much enjoy listening to Calm Radio. Calm Radio delivers over 500 channels of calming sounds, sleep music, sleep sounds, sleep stories, guided meditations, and meditation music that will have you feeling grounded and refreshed in no time□ The first mention of the baptism in the Holy Spirit is in Matthew 3. ![]() John’s prophecy of the baptism in the Holy Spirit This is the Lord Jesus baptizing his people in his Holy Spirit. Nor is this any individual Christian or even several Christians receiving a baptism. ![]() However, it’s definitely NOT valid to translate the word ἐν with the word “of.” (In fact, what I’ll do in this little tome is use the ESV translation, which is what I preach out of, but with the word “with” rendered as “in” wherever the Greek word ἐν appears.) The point, though, is that the Holy Spirit is not the one giving the baptism or doing the baptism. And then we’ll try to come to a conclusion about how God wants us to see it.īy the way, you may notice that I phrase it as “baptism in the Holy Spirit,” rather than “baptism of the Holy Spirit.” That’s because the Bible’s literal terminology is “baptism in ( ἐν) the Holy Spirit.” Whenever English translations speak of baptism “with” something, the actual word is ἐν, “in.” The Greek language uses the word “in” to carry several different meanings, including ”with” and quite a few more. Let’s consider what five people in the Bible had to say about the baptism in the Holy Spirit: John the Baptist, Jesus, Peter, Luke, and Paul. So what that means is that we need to handle this with extreme care today: strictly by the Book, and as gently as we can, so there’ll be as little trouble or pain as possible. ![]() And if Bob says Joe has not really experienced the baptism in the Holy Spirit, but rather experienced something else, when Joe knows he had an unforgettable, life-changing experience, then Joe is probably going to be seriously hurt. If Joe has had the experience, and he says Bob can’t really know the full presence and power of the Holy Spirit because Bob never has received Holy Spirit baptism, that’s probably going to be deeply troubling to Bob. If you think about it, things were bound to turn out like that. Over the years, I have heard story after story from person after person who have had an unforgettable, life-changing experience that they have called “the baptism of the Holy Spirit.” Sadly, I have also seen more than a little disagreement, confusion, and hurt feelings over the issue. For more years than I have been at the Project (which is A LOT!), this glorious house has hosted 270 kids and 270 adult partners (and hundreds of other adult volunteers!) and enabled and inspired them to create beautiful, hilarious and wondrous musical plays which were then performed back in New York. After 27 years, the beloved Biaggi house (also known as the Sea Change) on Block Island has been sold. Well, it is the end of an era at The 52nd Street Project. She sang to her bear, he sang to his monkeyįor an encore Jonathan rapped Amish Paradise Imani & Jonathan perform Someone Like You Jeff Bowen, Hunter Bell, Heidi Blickenstaff and Susan Blackwell performed a piece from their show Now. Mary-Mitchell Campbell came out from behind the piano to join Jonathan on Homeward Bound … Jonathan mashed up Britney Spears and Stephen Sondheim in multiple ways Laura told a story about doing Peter Pan as a child and then sang Never Never Land. Jonathan used a snake puppet to stand in for Cinderella’s fox buddy. Jonathan chose Tom Schall from the audience and gave him a chance to dress up.īroadway’s Cinderella, Laura Osnes came by to sing “In My Own Little Corner” ![]() The Age of Not Believing/World of Imagination Project youngster Imani Lewis & Jonathan Groffīoard Co-Chair Louis Friedman and family with Jonathan Groff Jonathan Groff & Board Co-Chair Cathy Dantchik I’m thankful that even through the “whirligig of time” we still love each other. (Armando Cosme, freshman Pace University. Brought HIMSELF!! (we didn’t think he’d be able to make it, but he did!) (Melissa Rebolledo, senior Talent Unlimited. I’m thankful for the constant bond, even after the Teen Ensemble was “over” we still managed to keep in contact so it’s not really “over.” I’m thankful for being able to share old memories and making new ones. Thank you for giving me the best moments of my life. But now that I’m reunited with all of you I finally feel complete. I felt lost and hopeless when I was gone. (Alvin Garcia, senior Manhattan Village Academy. ![]() Be good, and I hope you have the best forever more. Late nights at Calgary is what I’m thankful for. I’m thankful for everyone in the ensemble, better yet my ensemble “family!” Below are all of the teens’ statements of gratitude, along with the food they brought to share at our communal table. We then took a moment for each person to write down a simple expression of thanks. “Bark”, as well as their latest addition Redfield aka, Red, a most cozy Cavalier King Charles Spaniel whose namesake is Edward Willis Redfield, after one of New Hope’s most notable impressionist painters.Corn bread, rice and beans, pernil, and thanks. Mandee and her husband William Hammerstein, ESQ, live in New Hope, PA, where they enjoy their creative, Bucks County lifestyle with a combined family with 6 kids, a countryside-loving Sheepadoodle Pearl S. With a hands-on attitude and passion for the arts, from time to time, you’ll even find Mandee teaching the occasional art class, hoping to inspire and bring the community together. Mandee has proudly volunteered for Mercer County’s Big Brothers, Big Sisters, the Oscar Hammerstein Museum and Theatre Education Center and is an advocate for charitable causes that contribute to enriching the lives of others. In addition, Mandee has served as a Board member for both the Bristol Riverside Theatre and the Arts & Cultural Council of Bucks County and is an arts & cultural contributor at WDVR 89.7 FM. Mandee Hammerstein holds her BFA in Visual Arts and her Master’s Degree in Business Communications from Philadelphia’s La Salle University. Current day, she enthusiastically runs her boutique creative business consulting firm, working with award-winning talent, business visionaries, and artful contributors, primarily in the creative breeding ground of the Bucks County area. From the beginning of her career over twenty-five years ago, MKH was a full-time creative professional working on national campaigns for International companies (Royal Doulton & Marks & Spencer/Kings Supermarkets). ![]() Her work has been seen in local and international news, from Bucks County’s best news sources through the Wall Street Journal to the Monaco Channel. ![]() Mandee has worked with and media coached award-winning Broadway talent, entrepreneurs through to everyday kids. Info Once from New York, Now in New Hope, PA Most identified locally in Bucks County for her arts and new business launching publicity & photography work, Mandee Kuenzle Hammerstein (MKH) has created strategic public relations & advertising programs that best introduce and emotionally connect high-profile and emerging organizations to the public, regionally and nationally. ![]() * Continued search: Open files and, where the application supports it, continue searching for text matches by pressing command-G (Find Next) Set the default search window to match your preferences and workflow * Snippets: Save sets of frequently used search criteria * Saved searches and templates: Use as starting points for recurring searches * Preview of file content: Peek inside files. * Concise file info: See properties relevant to the selected file type * Customizable results display: View search results as a list or grid. ![]() Provides a quick way to narrow down results (new) * Tag cloud: Lists file tags found in current search results. * Smart location selection: Search multiple folders at once, and exclude others * Easy-to-use criteria editor: Combine search criteria to narrow down search results to the exact files you need * Multi-criteria file search: Find files by name, text, content kind, author, recipient, image dimensions, and more * Quick search field: start a search by typing just a few words * Files created, modified, or opened within the last 7 days * Image files named “logo” or “icon” that are more than 512 pixels wide * Word processing files containing the word “invoice” or “estimate” * Mails messages with attachments received this year HoudahSpot makes it easy to combine multiple criteria (such as name, text content, kind, and a wide assortment of other metadata) and thus helps users find the files they need: HoudahSpot is the go-to tool for Mac users who need to find a precise document, mail message, photo, video, artwork, etc., in a “haystack” of files. Combined with previews of file content and text matches, this makes it easy to sort through search results and assess the found files’ relevance. HoudahSpot shows search results in an interface that keeps relevant details within reach. It achieves this with searches that can be refined to return a manageable list of results. ![]() The purpose of HoudahSpot is to provide quick access to all kinds of files. It uses the existing Spotlight index for ultra-fast file searches. HoudahSpot is a powerful, versatile, and highly customizable file search tool for Mac. Search templates provide starting points for specialized searches. A customizable interface makes HoudahSpot equally adept at presenting mail messages, documents, or media files. Full-text search and a multitude of precise search criteria can be used to iteratively refine searches and hunt down an elusive document. It is also the starting point for deep dive searches to fetch further information from archives. HoudahSpot is a productivity tool that serves as the hub of many workflows: in HoudahSpot, all the files related to the task at hand come together. It makes it easy to find the right document, email message, photo, or video file. HoudahSpot combines fast and precise file search with a customizable results display and previews. HoudahSpot is a file search tool that helps Mac users organize files and finds these if they did not. Luxembourg – Houdah Software is pleased to announce the availability of HoudahSpot 6.0 today. For a given type of shield, the first upgrade is 1.5 times as strong as the basic shield, and the second upgrade is twice as strong as the basic shield. basic, 1st upgrade, 2nd upgrade), the Sacred Shield derivative is the weakest, the Wooden Shield derivative is the second strongest (being 1.6 times as strong as the Sacred Shield derivative), and the Iron Shield derivative is the strongest (being 2.4 times as strong as the Sacred Shield derivative or 1.5 times as strong as the Wooden Shield derivative). In general, for a given tier of shield (i.e. Įvery shield in Skyward Sword has a specific amount of damage it can take before breaking. The Hylian Shield, obtained by completing the Thunder Dragon's Lighting Round, is indestructible and cannot be upgraded. Like many items in Skyward Sword, shields can be upgraded at the Scrap Shop, improving their durability but otherwise retaining their qualities. When the Shield Gauge empties, the shield is broken beyond repair, unless Link possesses an Revitalizing Potion+ at that moment. Shields can be repaired at the Scrap Shop or with a Revitalizing Potion. The level of damage sustained is indicated by the Shield Gauge. Skyward Sword introduces shields with limited durability they are damaged when used strenuously. In the event that Link loses his Shield, he may purchase a new one. ![]() The Shield, however, can be consumed by Like Likes. The Shield is capable of reflecting most projectiles, and small enemies will bump off it should they run into Link. ![]() It can be purchased from numerous Stores, with the price varying from Store to Store. In Spirit Tracks, the Shield is the first Shield that Link obtains. If Link loses the Magical Shield to a Like Like, he will again equip his original shield. It can be replaced by the Magical Shield, which can be bought from certain merchants found throughout Hyrule for 90-160 Rupees. The shield can be used to block non-magical projectiles if Link is facing them and not attacking. In The Legend of Zelda, Link begins his adventure already equipped with a shield. It first examines the possibility that a precedent for the Seal series exists in an undecipherable “seven signs repeated seven times” inscribed on a Late Babylonian amulet. The present survey focuses on potential sources for the symbols rather than on their exegesis. Hans Winkler in 1930, a wider-ranging and more modern review is long overdue. As this topic was first – and last – examined systematically by Dr. While many Seal symbols make sporadic appearances in early Islamic amulets bearing Kufic script, the source of the symbols and their eventual ordering remains a matter of legend. The Seven Seals of medieval Islamic magic, which are believed to constitute the Greatest Name of God, also feature in Jewish Kabbalah from the same period. The most extreme similarities occur in the small subset of Tuareg and Ethiopian rings that carry complete sets of the Islamic Seven Seals. As one might expect from this makeup, there is a significant overlap with the symbol repertoire of Tuareg rings. Most Ethiopian rings combine numerical and non-numerical symbols, and reflections and rotations of characters are common. The Ethiopian symbol repertoire appears to be drawn from Eastern Arabic and possibly Devanagari numbers Arabic letters the Islamic Seven Seals and unique symbols that resist identification. For either material, the symbols are typically arranged evenly around the ring band there are usually two circular series, and sometimes the symbols of the upper circle are a reflection (through the ring’s equator) of those in the lower. Being softer, silver rings may instead bear symbols incised by scratching or engraving. The former are just convex circular bands of hard alloy into which glyphs are stamped using simple punch tools. In Ethiopia, especially among the Oromo in the southwestern highland district of Jimma, smiths inscribe white-metal or silver rings with talismanic symbols. Cryptic apotropaic rings are also found in East Africa. ![]() A distinct set of rings also carry Tifinagh-based magic squares recently-made items of this type may be “Tifinagh alphabet” souvenirs made for tourists. Tuareg gri gri plaques also carry magic square designs, but seem to contain mainly Tifinagh letters. ![]() With numerical considerations seemingly secondary to aesthetics, none of the magic squares were mathematically competent. No two designs were identical, but it was possible to define sub-groups based on style and content. The magic squares sometimes display complete or partial symmetry, with diagonals containing repeats of a single symbol. Most items combine symbols of different types, and reflections and rotations of stock symbols are common. A survey of 132 Tuareg/Berber items revealed that the symbol repertoire appears to be drawn from overlapping categories that include Eastern Arabic and Perso-Arabic numerals, and possibly Western digits and Indian Devanagari numbers as well Arabic letters Tifinagh and Libyco-Berber characters and the Islamic Seven Seals (the ism al-aʿzam or Greatest Name). A ring with a curved or flat frontal area may be inscribed with a linear cipher or, if large, carry a “magic square” design. In West Africa, Berber groups such as the Tuareg of Mali and Niger use inscribed silver jewelry – rings, pendants and plaques – as talismans. |
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